It depends on your water source. Public water systems are regularly monitored, but private wells should be tested at least once a year for bacteria, nitrates, and other contaminants. Additional testing is recommended after plumbing changes, flooding, or unusual water taste or odor.
No, the presence varies by location and infrastructure. Lead is mostly a concern in older homes with lead pipes or solder, while PFAS contamination is more likely near industrial sites, military bases, or areas with firefighting foam usage. Testing is the only reliable way to know your exposure.
Not all filters remove every contaminant. Certified point-of-use filters can target specific chemicals, metals, and microbes. Look for NSF/ANSI certifications to ensure effectiveness for the contaminants of concern in your water. Some systems combine multiple technologies for comprehensive protection.
Immediate steps depend on the contaminant. For microbial contamination, boil water or use bottled water until the issue is resolved. For metals or chemicals, consider certified filtration, pipe replacement, or contacting local authorities for remediation guidance. Retest after corrective actions to confirm water safety.
